MEANING:
The term topology refers to the way the computers or workstations in the network are linked together. According to the physical arrangements of workstations and nature of work, there are three major types of Network topology.
They are STAR topology, BUS topology, and Ring topology, MESH topology, TREE topology.
- STAR Topology: In star topology a number of nodes are directly linked to a main(ecntral) node. Any communication between the STAR nodes firstly passes through the central node. The controller of the STAR topology is Central node.
Some Advantages and Disadvantages of STAR topology
NO.
|
ADVANTAGES
|
DISADVANTAGES
|
1.
|
it has a flexibility of
adding and deleting of workstation from the networks.
|
It requires more cable to
connect as compare to others.
|
2.
|
If one workstation break
down it does not affect on other workstations.
|
It completely depend on
central node because if it fails then whole network goes down.
|
3.
|
Easy to troubleshoot and
isolate problems.
|
It is so difficult to
implement as compare to others.
|
4.
|
Star network are easily
expanded without disruption to the network.
|
A central connecting device
allow for a single point of failure.
|
2. BUS TOPOLOGY: In bus topology all workstation are connected to others like a single line is called bus topology.In this network there is no other central node it has a backbone which is controler of bus topology. All the data that travels over the network is transmitted through a common transmission medium is known as the bus or the backbone of the network.
Some Advantages and Disadvantages of BUS topology
1.
|
It is very easy to setup
and implement.
|
It is not useful for
network with heavy traffic
|
2.
|
If one station of the
topology fails it does not affect the entire system.
|
If the main cable of the
workstation is break down it affect on the whole network of bus topology.
|
3.
|
Very least cable were use
in the bus topology.
|
Very difficult to find out
the problem if whole network shut down.
|
4.
|
Bus network is used in small
networks. like LAN.
|
Security level of the bus
topology is very low because the data send is travel by all the workstations.
|
5.
|
Cost of bus topology is vey
less.
|
Maintenance costs is higher
with time
|
3. MESH Topology: In MESH topology, each network node is connected to the other node.This arrangement helpful for all simultaneous transmission of signals from one node to others. In a partially connected Mesh network, only some of the network nodes are connected to more than one node.
Some Advantages and Disadvantages of MESH topology
|
Sno.
|
Advantages
|
Disadvantages
|
|
1.
|
Provides redundant paths between devices.
|
Requires more cable than the other LAN Topologies.
|
|
2.
|
The Network can be expanded without disruption to current users.
|
Complicated Implementation.
|
RING Topology: In Ring topology each station is attached nearby stations on
a point to point basis so that the entire system is in the form of Ring. In
this topology data is transmitted in one direction only. Thus the data packet
circulate along the ring in either clockwise or anti-clockwise direction.
Some Advantages and Disadvantages of RING topology
|
Sno.
|
Advantages
|
Disadvantages
|
|
1.
|
Cable faults are easily located, making troubleshooting easier.
|
Expansion to the network can cause network disruption.
|
|
2.
|
Ring networks are moderately easy to install.
|
A single break in the cable can disrupt the entire Network.
|
TREE Topology: It is also known as a hierarchical and It has a central node
which is connected to one or more nodes of a lower Hierarchy. In a symmetrical
hierarchy, each node in the network has a specific fixed number of nodes
connected to those at a lower level.
Some Advantages and Disadvantages of TREE topology
|
Sno.
|
Advantages
|
Disadvantages
|
|
1.
|
Point-to-point wiring for individual segments.
|
Overall length of each segment is limited by the type of cabling used.
|
|
2.
|
Supported by several hardware and software vendors.
|
If the backbone line breaks, the entire segment goes down.
|
|
3.
|
Each node in the Network has a specific fixed number.
|
More difficult to configure and wire than other Topologies.
|
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